论传统体育养生的动静观

动静观是我国传统体育养生思想史上重要思想之一,采用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,对“动形养生”、“静以养神”、“动静兼养”思想进行概述,得出在传统体育养生中通过体现“动形养生”、“静以养神”“动静兼养”达到强身健体、延年益寿。     

老年人体育锻炼相关生命质量的研究述评

运用文献资料、专家访谈以及文本分析等方法,搜集整理国内外有关老年人体育锻炼相关生命质量的各类文献资料,归纳出生命质量研究理论和方法的交叉性,主客观评价指标,研究视角的多维性,研究成果的实践应用性,以及采用临床和实验干预方法对老年群体生命质量保持和提升的具体措施等主要特点。分析认为：存在研究方法的科学性不够,研究的深度与系统性欠缺,以及基础性理论研究相对薄弱等问题,并在此基础上提出对健康相关生命质量的研究应与医学、社会学、文化学与人类学等多学科理论和研究方法相融合,借鉴国外先进成熟的理论和实践经验,实现重点研究领域的转移,以及增强理论与实践的互动等未来趋势。     

The influence of home environmental factors and life style on children＇s respiratory health in Xi＇an

To assess associations between home indoor air environments and asthma,allergies and pneumonia,children aged 1–8 years were surveyed from 12 kindergartens in the city of Xi’an.2,020 questionnaires were responded with a response rate of 83.5%.The prevalences of doctor diagnosed asthma,hay fever,and pneumonia were 2.9%,3.6%,and 28.3%,respectively.Living close to a highway was a risk factor for current rhinitis(AOR 1.5,95%CI 1.2–1.8),eczema(AOR 1.7,95%CI 1.2–2.5),and diagnosed pneumonia(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.6).Dampness problems in the home were associated with 50%–130%increases in the prevalences of asthma and allergy.Airing bed linen under sun-shine was protective,especially against rhinitis.Pet avoidance was consistently and significantly associated with asthma and allergy(AOR 1.3–2.4).Decoration of the home during children’s early life is a risk factor for current rhinitis(AOR 1.9,95%CI 1.3–2.9)and eczema(AOR 1.9,95%CI1.1–3.6).Risk factors for pneumonia were living in an apartment(AOR 1.4,95%CI 1.1–1.8),latex wall paint(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.7),dampness(AOR 1.4–1.5),breast feeding\3 months(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.7),never airing bed linen in sunshine(AOR 1.3,95%CI1.3–1.6),and cleaning children’s room less frequently than once per day(AOR 1.4,95%CI 1.1–1.7).This study demonstrates that home indoor environmental and life style factors may influence the health of children in Xi’an.     

三峡库区乡镇干部心理健康状况调查报告

通过问卷调查法和访谈法对三峡库区范围内5个区县30多个乡镇及街道的乡镇干部的心理健康状况进行调查分析，分析表明三峡库区乡镇干部整体心理健康状况良好，但也存在一些问题，需引起高度重视。     

贵州贫困大学生人格特征与心理健康的相关研究

贵州贫困大学生人格特征和心理健康之间关系密切.人格四因子的得分均显著高于全国成人组的常模.不同性别、是否独生子女、不同来源地和文理科在神经质因子上具有显著差异.在内外向因子上,文科大学生得分显著高于理科大学生得分.在掩饰性因子上,母亲不同文化程度的大学生出现了显著差异.不同年级、父亲文化程度的大学生在内外向、神经质和精神质因子分上均呈现显著差异.是否兼职的大学生在四个因子分上均没有显著差异.人格神经质和内外向因子对心理健康各因子有一定的预测力.     

青年科技工作者的心理健康状况及影响因素

 青年科技工作者作为科研事业的主力军，承受了更多的工作任务和压力，也面临更多的心理健康风险。为了解青年科技工作者的心理健康状况及影响因素，对中国35岁及以下的青年科技工作者分别在2009年和2017年进行两次大规模调查。研究结果显示：青年科技工作者中有21%存在着不同程度的抑郁表现，47.9%存在不同程度的焦虑问题，11%的青年科技工作者在最近1年中有过自杀意念，青年科技工作者整体心理健康状态呈现下降趋势；青年科技工作者比其他年龄的群体有更多的抑郁倾向和自杀意念，但焦虑水平无显著差异；女性和低学历青年科技工作者有更多的自杀意念，低学历青年科技工作者还有更多的抑郁情绪；婚姻状况、婚姻满意度、情绪调节方式和工作环境均显著影响该群体的心理健康状况。     

省级公共医疗卫生供给绩效评估实证研究——基于全面绩效管理的视角

为了研究安徽省公共医疗卫生供给绩效及其影响因素,从公共服务供给压力、状态和响应3个维度筛选了15个相关指标,构建了评估指标体系,利用最新数据和熵值-Tobit模型对安徽省公共医疗卫生供给绩效及其影响因素进行综合评估,认为样本考察期内安徽省公共医疗卫生供给绩效呈现"快速-平稳-快速-平稳"的动态波动趋势,且供给压力依然较大,供给状态不容乐观,但供给响应指数提升明显; Tobit回归显示,安徽省财政医疗支出占比呈现规模报酬递减效应,人口密度与公共医疗卫生供给绩效呈现负相关关系,而人均地区生产总值、城镇化水平和财政自给率与公共医疗卫生供给绩效呈现正相关关系,但财政自给率的影响不显著,据此,提出了促进省级公共医疗卫生供给绩效提升的相关对策建议。     

周期性居家医疗护理问题的禁忌求解算法

针对周期性服务需求的居家医疗与护理资源管理问题，提出一种基于插入法和节约算法的禁忌算法。该算法综合考虑客户接受服务的日期、客户的服务等级和客户访问次序，在初始解基础上进行邻域搜索，每次邻域搜索选取部分客户，搜索其所有可能的服务日期、服务等级对应的调度方案，选择成本最低的方案作为邻域搜索的最新解。邻域搜索中变换过的客户将列入禁忌表，在禁忌步长内不予变换。通过多次迭代，求解结果向最优解方向收敛。对随机生成的算例及基于标准 Vehicle Routing Problem （VRP）算例构造的算例进行仿真验证，并与 Rolling Horizon Myopic Planning Approach （RHMPA）算法求解结果对比，实验结果表明，该算法在一定运行时间内适合求解客户规模低于500人的案例，且求解结果优于 RHMPA 算法，多次求解的结果相对误差仅为0．94％。该算法为家庭护理管理和计划调度问题提供了新的算法设计优化思路，对提高当前我国相关产业的管理和调度水平具有现实意义。     

Bird community characteristics as indicators of sustainable management in olive grove ecosystems of Central Greece

The role of breeding birds as indicators of sustainable management in olive groves was investigated. The data revealed significantly higher alpha diversity in organic and abandoned olive groves and maquis than in conventional ones. The highest beta diversity was found between the following pairs: organic olive groves–maquis, and abandoned olive groves–maquis. Breeding bird diversity, Heteroptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera densities positively influenced bird species richness in organic olive groves and maquis, and additionally, manure application positively influenced bird species richness in organic ones. Bird species richness was negatively influenced by pesticide and inorganic fertilizer application in conventional ones. Moreover, isopod density was unimportant in explaining breeding bird richness in organic olive groves. Finally, our study suggests a difference in bird communities of various olive groves as a result of different management and practices, and concludes that birds might serve as indicators of overall olive grove health. Furthermore, these findings could be used as a tool for prediction of breeding bird species richness probability in different olive grove management systems and maquis. Finally, the results of the present study may contribute to highlighting some aspects of the effect of different farming practices on the dynamics of Mediterranean bird communities.     

Forecasting with Micro Panels: The Case of Health Care Costs

Micro panels characterized by large numbers of individuals observed over a short time period provide a rich source of information, but as yet there is only limited experience in using such data for forecasting. Existing simulation evidence supports the use of a fixed‐effects approach when forecasting but it is not based on a truly micro panel set‐up. In this study, we exploit the linkage of a representative survey of more than 250,000 Australians aged 45 and over to 4 years of hospital, medical and pharmaceutical records. The availability of panel health cost data allows the use of predictors based on fixed‐effects estimates designed to guard against possible omitted variable biases associated with unobservable individual specific effects. We demonstrate the preference towards fixed‐effects‐based predictors is unlikely to hold in many practical situations, including our models of health care costs. Simulation evidence with a micro panel set‐up adds support and additional insights to the results obtained in the application. These results are supportive of the use of the ordinary least squares predictor in a wide range of circumstances. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.